Caesar drew his own solutions from the widest cultural range. The literature of this period is markedly free from decorum and charm, and its hallmark is grotesque violence of thought and action, profound pessimism, and an often desolate hilarity. Beginning this period in 46 BC immediately presents us with issues of uneasy adjustment and faltering responses to shattering social and political change. A Level Legacy. Thinking Skills Assessment past papers for Oxford PPE, Oxford PPL, Oxford Experimental Psychology, Oxford Human Sciences, and Cambridge Land Economy degrees. IB Biology. Please refer to the descriptions on the Philosophy Faculty website. The palaeographical part of the course will introduce you to the basics of Latin palaeography, with the opportunity to read manuscripts from the 5th century to the 15th, in capitals and minuscule (e.g. However, some papers for the March 2021 session can be found at the following link: March 2021 Papers (Cambridge IGCSE & AS/A Levels) 05/05/2021 NEW! In addition to the papers listed here, you may offer a thesis of up to 10,000 words in Ancient History, Philosophy, Literature, Archaeology or Philology and Linguistics, either as one of your eight finals subjects or as an optional ninth subject. The world of Byzantium, or the East Roman Empire, centred on Constantinople, offers a rich variety of writings in prose and verse. Their style is a delightful blend of gravity and charm. How can the historian use visual representations, artefacts, and the study of space? This period shaped the views of one of the greatest historians of antiquity, Polybius of Megalopolis, who made his subject precisely the ambition of the Romans for universal conquest and the effects this had upon the lives of all the peoples involved. ); (iv) Imperial and Late Latin, which will examine the language of mainly sub‐literary and non‐literary texts (including papyri) from the first century AD onwards. The written exams comprise translation and comment on the set texts, as well as unprepared translation. The Orestes is Euripides’ most experimental and challenging reconfiguration of the basics of tragedy. The ‘freedom of the Greeks’ was proclaimed by a Roman general in 196 BC, but in fact these years marked the end of liberty for Greece and much of the rest of the Mediterranean world. This is therefore a particularly good subject for those seeking to combine historical and archaeological techniques, Cicero is the crucial figure for understanding the political, cultural and intellectual life of the Late Republic. Past Papers, Notes, Ebooks, Syllabus, Timetable and much more under one account. The reception of classical texts has also been a framework for treating the fall‐out of colonialism (Walcott) or the politics of Northern Ireland (Heaney, Longley). | After late fifth‐century experimentation comes Hellenistic recreation of archaic lyric; Latin lyric recreates Hellenistic lyric (Catullus) and, through the Hellenistic recreations, archaic lyric (Horace). In addition to the papers listed here, you may offer a thesis of up to 10,000 words in Ancient History, Philosophy, Literature, Archaeology or Philology and Linguistics, either as one of your eight finals subjects or as an optional ninth subject. This paper provides an introduction to the study of the origins of Greek and Latin and their development from a common ancestor, Indo‐European (which is also the ancestor of English). Relatively well‐known evidence from literature and art is put side by side with medical writings, magic, laws and graffiti. An explosion of ideas, horizons, communications, power‐structures at the end of the fourth century tripled the size of the world to be studied by the ancient historian. June 2017: Paper 2: Writer's Viewpoints and Perspectives (8700/2) Download Insert - Download Past Paper - Download Mark Scheme June 2016 AQA GCSE English Language (4700/4705) Past Exam Papers How did a heterogeneous society whose size rendered many residents effectively anonymous maintain law and order without a police force or lawyers? At the other end of the period, in 49 Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon, and in 46 crushed his enemies at the battle of Thapsus, celebrating his victory with an unprecedented quadruple triumph.   Despite repeated deeply threatening crises, Rome survived – capital of an increasingly large and organised Mediterranean‐wide empire, its constantly growing populace more and more diverse, its richest citizens vastly wealthier, its cityscape more and more monumental. QUESTION ONE (30 marks) This is an extract taken from a book about environmental history. Past papers. The central problems of this subject concern the dynasty, charisma and authority of the Roman Emperor, the institutions of the Roman provincial empire, and the most intensely creative age of Roman art and Latin literature, and how these were related. Plautus and Terence adapted plays by Menander and his contemporaries; theirs are the earliest complete works of Latin literature that survive. Widely read and imitated for many centuries, they have played a key role in the history of European culture, above all in the history of the theatre. This section also includes SQA National 5 maths past papers. English General Paper (8021) Environmental Management (8291) Food Studies (9336) French (9716) French (BES) - 9281 : French - Language (AS Level only) (8682) French - Literature (AS Level only) (8670) French - Literature (BES) (AS Level only) - 8277 : General Paper - (8001) General Paper - (8004) Geography (9696) Geography (BES) - (9278) The aim of this paper is to explore the three major didactic poems of the late Republic / early Empire, Lucretius’ De rerum natura, Virgil’s Georgics and Ovid’s Ars Amatoria, in relation to each other and against the background of the didactic tradition. Other highlights include the mockery of the dead Claudius in Seneca's Menippean satire, the Apocolocyntosis; the wandering littérateurs who populate Petronius' Satyricon; and the explosive assault on literary declamation in the first satire of Persius. The subject consists of two main parts: (a) specific topics to be explored through texts and (b) the general history of the Latin language, with special reference to the development of the literary language. The exam consists of two written papers, Verse and Prose, in the relevant language, and counts as two of your eight finals options. Second Classical Language is available only in Course II. Students who took Latin at Mods (Course IIA) have the opportunity to study Greek at finals, while those who took Greek at Mods (Course IIB) have the opportunity to study Latin. Knowledge of other relevant works can be usefully deployed: for instance, you should be ready to bring in material as appropriate from their other options (historical, archaeological etc. Selected passages of Homer and some archaic Latin inscriptions are examined in detail with regard to points of linguistic interest, to show how an understanding of the prehistory of Greek and Latin, and of the processes of change, can illuminate early records of the language. Past Exam Papers. GCSE Further Maths. A separate answer sheet is provided for this section. Lawgivers wrote comprehensive codes – or so later Greeks believed. In many places the leisured classes developed a luxurious life‐style centred on the symposium, though Sparta went the other way in the direction of austerity. Cities which in the fifth century had been constrained by them acquired independence; groups of small cities, such as Arcadia and Boiotia, co‐ordinated their actions to become significant players in inter‐city politics. For examples of the papers on offer at finals, please use the tabs below to view descriptions of papers within each subject area. The course will use images of Senecan MSS, and some original MSS in the Bodleian. Free TSA Oxford Past Papers, Answers and Official Specification. The March 2021 papers will be published on 25th May, 2021 when the results for the March session have been announced. How do we link the history of ideas to other forms of historical narrative? Rome and its allies in Italy all prospered, but wealth and empire brought rapid social and economic change and mounting political tensions. Hesiod's theology was a major influence on later Greek thought, and his Works and Days helped to inspire Virgil's Georgics.  The Homeric Hymns praise the Olympian gods in shorter narrative poems, which chart their birth and exploits, and their impact on human society in myth and cult. The table below contains past papers and solutions, as well as general feedback on the admissions round for each year from 2010 onwards. The development of lyric poetry is one of the most striking in ancient literary history, and the ‘genre’ presents some of the most attractive and rewarding smaller‐scale poems in Greek and Latin. The course looks at the full range of ancient artefacts, from bronze statues and marble temples to painted pots and clay figurines. New lyrical and musical forms, contemporary politics and mythological invention, disconcerting movements between pathos and near‐burlesque, morality and amorality make this a rewarding play to study closely. This International GCSE qualification puts emphasis on pure maths, enabling students to make a smooth progression to A-level. The publishers would like to thank Cambridge International Examinations for their kind permission to reproduce past paper questions. It includes set texts and involves translation and comment on those texts, but candidates are also expected to have some knowledge of the period more generally. The subject begins with the accession of Nero, the ill‐starred emperor who was the last representative of the Julio‐Claudian dynasty established by Augustus. It saw also the developing effects of this process, upon the Romans and, not least, upon those with whom they dealt, in Italy itself and overseas. The distinctive qualities of each author are examined. Fast Switching. This option gives the opportunity to study a range of works from the three greatest exponents of the genre, ranging from Aeschylus' Oresteia of 458 BC, the only surviving tragic trilogy, to Sophocles' Oedipus Tyrannus, the most famous Greek tragedy of all, and Euripides’ so‐called tragi‐comedies Ion and Helen. Prelims (resits) 2005-2012. At the same time the established institutions of Graeco‐Roman paganism were beginning to undergo profound change under the impact of the growth of Christianity. (plus sample paper for Chemical Pharmacology), Contact us The absence of dominant cities in the fourth‐century is paralleled by the absence of a single dominant source. Cambridge IGCSE Examiner Reports for November 2020 session are up! How many genders? This bank of past papers is designed to help you prepare for sitting the Modern Languages Admissions Tests (MLAT) in November. It is a period within which Greeks, Phoenicians, and others travelled widely in the Mediterranean, in search of wealth in both finished goods and raw materials. The issues of Thucydides’ own bias and viewpoint and his shaping of his History remain among the storm centres of the study of antiquity and are of far‐reaching significance for our understanding of the moral, intellectual and political changes in the Greek world. Aged twenty‐five, Alexander the Great defeated the collected might of the Persian Empire and became the richest ruler in the world. The period saw the creation of a new imperial iconography – the good emperor portrayed in exemplary roles and activities at peace and war. Weekly Calendar Part II Year; Guidance for the Part II Year; Assessment guidelines; Reflections on the Part II year by a Brasenose student; Writing a Successful Part II Thesis; UG News. Who paid for them, made them and looked at them? The test is divided into three sections: the Latin Translation Test, the Greek Translation Test and the Classics Language Aptitude Test (CLAT). The evidence for much of the period is almost entirely archaeological, much of it recovered only in the last 30 years or so. This allows various themes to be investigated, including what it meant to live in a Roman town, and in its countryside, and what contributed to the remarkable prosperity of urban centres before the widespread retrenchment of the third century.   Â, Those taking the course will become familiar with the physical character of Roman cities based on selected representative sites (primarily Ostia, Pompeii, Corinth, Caesarea Maritima, Palmyra, Lepcis Magna, and Silchester) and with major landscape studies in Italy, Greece and North Africa. Oxford MAT. Biomedical Admissions Test past papers for Oxford Medicine, Oxford Biomedical Sciences, Cambridge Medicine, and other medical courses. This was a crucial period in the development of Greek culture. During the Roman imperial period, notions of the divine and the human and the relationship between them, and of the framework of those relationships, changed dramatically in many different ways. Verse to be studied covers a wide range of styles from the hymns of Romanos and the epigrams of Agathias to the court poetry of the versatile Theodore Prodromos and the enigmatic epic of Digenis Akritis. Â. What is it that these poems ‘teach’? Past papers are also available for the MEM and EMS programmes, which are no longer offered. The relationship and authority of the surviving sources pose large questions of interpretation on which depend our judgement of the major figures’ abilities and achievements. You are given 1 hour for each section that you answer. These years cover the transition from archaic to classical Greece, the Periclean age of Athens, the masterpieces of art, architecture and literature which are the supreme legacies of the Greek world, the contrasting lifestyles of Sparta and democratic Athens, and the careers of Alcibiades, Socrates and their famous contemporaries. Please read this page carefully, but do not open this question paper until you are told that you may do so. The period is also studied through inscriptions, whose context and content are a fascinating challenge to modern historians. Â, Greek History in the years immediately after the Peloponnesian War is no longer dominated by the two super‐powers, Athens and Sparta. Although details of Athenian military history and of Athenian imperial activity are not at issue, the topic does attempt to explain the sources and the effects of Athenian wealth and power. You study a text in real detail, delving much deeper into primary questions of text and interpretation than other options allow. Isis, Jesus, Jupiter and Taranis – who worshipped them and how? The past paper archive contains papers from the following examinations. Within Roman society, political change was accompanied by upward social mobility and by changes in the cultural representations of status, gender and power which pose complex and rich questions for the historian. This section includes recent GCSE Maths past papers from AQA, Edexcel, Eduqas, OCR, WJEC, CCEA and the CIE IGCSE. This subject consists of three parts, of which you choose two: Part 1: the linguistic description of Latin or Greek (you choose one), especially the application to the classical languages of modern descriptive insights and techniques. Topics will include: grammatical categories (such as tense, aspect, voice, mood); ordering of elements within a phrase or sentence; structures of complex sentences; pragmatic and sociolinguistic functions of linguistic variables such as, for example, the different ways of expressing commands. But the tradition of the ancestors, the rule of the aristocracy, the armies and their recruitment, the sources of wealth, the cultural horizons of the literate, the government of allies and subjects, the idea of a Roman citizen, the landscape of Italy, and Roman identity itself had all changed for ever. Part A. Review the sample papers below for the CAT. The aim of this course is to introduce students of Classics to Modern Greek Language and Literature through the detailed study of two of the most important poets of the 20th Century, C. P. Cavafy and George Seferis. For comprehensive details of the papers available, and the rules on which combinations of papers students may take, please refer to the Examination Regulations. Detailed descriptions of the papers on offer, and information about teaching provision, can be found in the course handbook in our virtual learning environment, WebLearn. The career which changed the scope of Greek history is still a matter of dispute both for its immediate legacy and for the evidence on which it rests. There are four text‐based topics: (i) Oscan and Umbrian, which will offer an introduction to two languages of ancient Italy, quite distinct from Latin though related to it, that are known from inscriptions; (ii) Archaic Latin, which will deal with some of the earliest records of Latin, mainly inscriptions; (iii) the language of Plautus, which will involve looking in detail at various characteristic elements (archaic, colloquial, poetic, etc. The text is badly transmitted, none of the three independently authoritative mss being older than c.1370 (the oldest [O] is in the Bodleian; there are images of this and G available via the website catullusonline). What can we know about the lives of women in antiquity, and what is the relationship between the way women lived and the way men wrote about them, painted them, sculpted them or legislated for them? IB Physics. The subject takes you from Augustus praying to the Greek Fates at the Secular Games, and Ovid on Anna Perenna, through the fall of the Second Temple and the martyrdom of Felicity and Perpetua, to Aurelian's temple of the Unconquered Sun and Constantine’s vision at the Milvian Bridge. The plays of Aristophanes on the syllabus display the variety of his output, and show him pointing the way towards later developments in one of his last surviving plays, Ekklesiazousai. Prelims; Part IA Papers; Part IB; Supplementary Subjects; Part I 1999-2003; Examiners Reports; Part II Year.

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